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discotic liquid crystal
Discotic liquid crystals are mesophases formed from disc-shaped molecules known as "discotic mesogens". These phases are often also referred to as columnar phases. Discotic mesogens are typically composed of an aromatic core surrounded by flexible alkyl chains. The aromatic cores allow charge transfer in the stacking direction through the π conjugate systems. The charge transfer allows the discotic liquid crystals to be electrically semiconductive along the stacking direction.〔Laschat, S.; Baro, A.; Steinke, N.; Giesselmann, F.; Hägele, C.; Scalia, G.; Judele, R.; Kapatsina, E.; Sauer, S.; Schreivogel, A.; Tosoni, M. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2007, 46, 4832-4887.〕 Applications have been focusing on using these systems in photovoltaic devices,〔Schmidt-Mende, L.; Fechtenkotter, A.; Mullen, K.; Moons, E.; Friend, R. H.; MacKenzie, J. D. 2001.〕 organic light emitting diodes (OLED),〔Seguy, I.; Jolinat, P.; Destruel, P.; Farenc, J.; Mamy, R.; Bock, H.; Ip, J.; Nguyen, T. P. Journal of Applied Physics 2001, 89, 5442-5448.〕 and molecular wires.〔Steinhart, M.; Zimmermann, S.; Goring, P.; Schaper, A. K.; Gosele, U.; Weder, C.; Wendorff, J. H. Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 429-434.〕 Discotics have also been suggested for use in compensation films, for LCD displays.
==Photovoltaic devices==
Discotic liquid crystals have similar potential to the conducting polymers for their use in photovoltaic cells, they have the same technical challenges of low conductivity and sensitivity to UV damage as the polymer designs. However one advantage is the self-healing properties of the discotic mesogens.〔Kreouzis, T.; Donovan, K. J.; Boden, N.; Bushby, R. J.; Lozman, O. R.; Liu, Q. The Journal of Chemical Physics 2001, 114, 1797-1802.〕 So far the photovoltaic applications have been limited, using a perylene and hexabenzocoronene mesogens in a simple two layer systems has only resulted in ~2% power efficiency.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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